Deep Subsurface Microbiology

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Tác giả: Andreas Teske, Axel Schippers, Jennifer F Biddle, Virginia P Edgcomb

Ngôn ngữ: eng

ISBN-13: 978-2889195367

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Frontiers Media SA, 2015

Mô tả vật lý: 1 electronic resource (303 p.)

Bộ sưu tập: Tài liệu truy cập mở

ID: 202158

 Deep subsurface microbiology is a highly active and rapidly advancing research field at the interface of microbiology and the geosciences
  it focuses on the detection, identification, quantification, cultivation and activity measurements of bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes that permeate the subsurface biosphere of deep marine sediments and the basaltic ocean and continental crust. The deep subsurface biosphere abounds with uncultured, only recently discovered and - at best - incompletely understood microbial populations. In spatial extent and volume, Earth's subsurface biosphere is only rivaled by the deep sea water column. So far, no deep subsurface sediment has been found that is entirely devoid of microbial life
  microbial cells and DNA remain detectable at sediment depths of more than 1 km
  microbial life permeates deeply buried hydrocarbon reservoirs, and is also found several kilometers down in continental crust aquifers. Severe energy limitation, either as electron acceptor or donor shortage, and scarcity of microbially degradable organic carbon sources are among the evolutionary pressures that have shaped the genomic and physiological repertoire of the deep subsurface biosphere. Its biogeochemical role as long-term organic carbon repository, inorganic electron and energy source, and subduction recycling engine continues to be explored by current research at the interface of microbiology, geochemistry and biosphere/geosphere evolution. This Research Topic addresses some of the central research questions about deep subsurface microbiology and biogeochemistry: phylogenetic and physiological microbial diversity in the deep subsurface
  microbial activity and survival strategies in severely energy-limited subsurface habitats
  microbial activity as reflected in process rates and gene expression patterns
  biogeographic isolation and connectivity in deep subsurface microbial communities
  the ecological standing of subsurface biospheres in comparison to the surface biosphere - an independently flourishing biosphere, or mere survivors that tolerate burial (along with organic carbon compounds), or a combination of both? Advancing these questions on Earth's deep subsurface biosphere redefines the habitat range, environmental tolerance, activity and diversity of microbial life.
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