Several distinct medical imaging perspectives such as cutting-edge imaging methods, data analysis, better correlation with neurocognitive function, as well as detailed examples and summaries of disease monitoring, may help convey the methodological, technical, and developmental information of medical imaging principles and applications. The aim of this book is to provide beginners and experts in the medical imaging field with general pictures and detailed descriptions of imaging principles and clinical applications. With forefront applications and up-to-date analytical methods, this book will hopefully capture the interests of colleagues in the medical imaging research field. Precise illustrations and thorough reviews in many research topics such as neuroimaging quantification and correlation, as well as cancer diagnoses, are the advantages of this book.