Executive summary of the final project report outlines the major results achieved throughout the project performance. Detailed results and discussions have been presented in the eight quarterly reports. Among pandemic-prone diseases, viral diseases?specifically influenza?have a significant, if not leading position. The prospect of influenza pandemic generates immediate alarm around the world. Far more contagious than most infections, it is spread by coughing and sneezing, and transmissible within an incubation period too short to allow for contact tracing and isolation. For these reasons, pandemic influenza would have devastating consequences. If a fully transmissible pandemic virus emerged, the spread of the disease could not be prevented. Development of strategies for mitigating the severity of a new influenza pandemic is now a top global public health priority. Among the other anti-influenza drugs currently under development short interfering siRNAs seem to be very hopeful. To contribute to siRNAs success as new prophylactic and therapeutic remedies, the Project explored the following: 1) new substances to improve siRNAs transfection to target cells
2) methods for siRNA administering to improve siRNAs delivery to the target organs
and 3) the ?cocktails? designed from siRNAs targeting different genes of influenza virus to achieve antiviral efficacy of siRNAs-based complexes toward multiple influenza viruses and subsequently to increase probability of siRNAs application as prophylactic and therapeutic medicine.